elements of progress in qajar era, based on analysis of "parvaresh" contents

based on many different experiences of development in various societies, there are common elements in all of these patterns. changes in the mind and beliefs of the people, is one these factors. in iran, in the qajar era, this kind of elements had been appeared. there was a wave of expansion of intellectuals in the society, and publication of modern newspapers, which played an influential role in the upgrading peoples’ awareness. one of these newspapers was parvaresh. in this article, the authors analysis its contents to find important factors for changing the society in the path of development and progress.